The interaction of light with matter has triggered the interest of scientists for a long time. He was the recipient of the 2010 sackler prize in the physical sciences and the. An essential part of this development is the study of luminescence of. Mechanism of the metallic metamaterials coupled to the. Mechanism of the metallic metamaterials coupled to the gain.
Shalaev school of electrical and computer engineering and birck nanotechnology center, purdue university, west lafayette, indiana 47907, usa. Surface plasmons have optical properties, which are very interesting. This weakness is thought to constitute the prime impediment before many of the envisaged applications can succeed in practice. Here we demonstrate that dynamic plasmonic nanoparticles can be used as mechanical sensors to selectively probe the rheological properties of a. Exceptional points and spectral singularities in active. Nanoplasmonic metamaterials are an exciting new class of engineered media that promise a range of important applications, such as subwavelength focusing, cloaking, and slowing stopping of light. In the end, the active metamaterial provide a unique platform for independent manipulation of group and phase velocities of electromagnetic radiation in subdiffraction areas. From losscompensation to amplification and lasing in active. Tsakmakidis, active nanoplasmonic metamaterials, nat. For example, negative metamaterial properties, such as. We report that lasing of the bright negativeindex mode is possible if the higherq dark mode is discriminated. Nanoplasmonics concerns to the investigation of electron oscillations in metallic nanostructures and nanoparticles.
Nanoplasmonics and threedimensional plasmonic metamaterials. Shalaev is recognized for his pioneering studies on linear and nonlinear optics of random nanophotonic composites that had helped to mold the research area of composite optical media. Most plasmonic sensors and systems to date have been rigid and passive. Nanoplasmonics is a young topic of research, which is part of nanophotonics and nanooptics. Spaser, plasmonic amplification, and loss compensation.
The marriage of nanoplasmonic metamaterials with quantum gain media represents an exciting frontier in nanophotonics and nanoscience, and is a precursor of active, intergrated quantum nanooptics. Beyond the regime of amplification, when gain exceeds both dissipative losses and radiative outcoupling, lasing instabilities occur. Spoof surface plasmon metamaterials by paloma arroyo huidobro. By fabricating such metamaterials, researchers have overcome fundamental limits tied to the wavelength of. Spoof surface plasmon metamaterials on a wide range of geometries are discussed. Pdf on jul 11, 2014, mahfuzur rahman and others published. Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials nature materials 11, 573 584 2012 by hess et al. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Jan 31, 2019 metamaterials are rationally designed composites aiming at effective material parameters that go beyond those of the ingredient materials. Exceptional points and spectral singularities in active epsilonnearzero plasmonic waveguides ying li and christos argyropoulos dept.
Optical cloaking with metamaterials purdue university. Bridging condensed matter theory and quantum optics he specialises in nanophotonics, plasmonics, metamaterials and semiconductor laser dynamics. Soukoulis1,3 1department of physics and astronomy and ames laboratory, iowa state university, ames, iowa 50011, usa. Recently it has been shown that the internal losses due to the natural absorption of metals at optical frequencies can be compensated by gain. Metamaterials are tailormade photonic compositescombinations of materials designed to achieve optical properties not seen in nature. He is a fellow of the institute of physics, the optical society of america, and spie. Electrodynamic modeling of quantum dot luminescence in. Nonlinear mode competition in a lasing nanoplasmonic metamaterial. The properties stem from the unique structure of the composites, with features smaller than the wavelength of light separated by subwavelength distances.
Osa from losscompensation to amplification and lasing. Active plasmonics and tuneable plasmonic metamaterials wiley. Hence, contrary to quasistatic predictions for nanoplasmonic metamaterials, a window of amplification opens. Part of the problem is that optical metamaterials are often lossy 7. Nanoplasmonic systems are valued for their strong optical response and their small size. Recent advances in metamaterials research and active plasmonics bring with them the prospect for next generation, lossfree optical metamaterial designs 1. Oxides and nitrides as alternative plasmonic materials in the. Pdf control and dynamic competition of bright and dark. For instance, surface plasmons have the unique capacity to confine light at the nanoscale.
Ortwin hess born 1966 is a germanborn theoretical physicist at imperial college london uk, working in condensed matter optics. Our present discussion of the physics of gainenhanced active nanoplasmonic metamaterials is divided into two main parts. We report that lasing of the bright negativeindex mode is possible if the higherq dark mode is discriminated by gain, spatially or spectrally. Optical metamaterials, in particular, are less compatible with active functionalities than their counterparts developed at lower frequencies. Since all known metamaterials contain metal elements, active molecules coupled to the metal elements. We study the spatiotemporal mode competition and explore methods of mode control. Spie 6638, photonic metamaterials, 66380q 28 september 2007. Using a maxwellbloch approach incorporating langevin noise we study the lasing dynamics in an active nanofishnet structure. He also leads the uk epsrc research program on active plasmonics.
Recent progress in the field of nanoplasmonics edited by stefan a maier imperial college. The spps are very important in nanoplasmonics and nanodevices, due to their subwavelength nature, that is, because their spatial scale is smaller than that of. Soukoulis1,3 1department of physics and astronomy and ames laboratory, iowa state university, ames, iowa 50011, usa 2key laboratory of intelligent computing and signal processing, anhui university, hefei 230039, china. Although most of the signature effects associated with metamaterials 1,2 negative index, perfect absorption and cloaking have been successfully demonstrated at nearinfrared and visible wavelengths 3,4,5,6, there are still doubts about the exact potential of artificial optical media for real applications. Hess, from losscompensation to amplification and lasing in active nanoplasmonic metamaterials, in frontiers in optics 2012laser science xxviii, osa technical digest online optical society of america, 2012, paper fth2a. On introducing and expounding the underlying theoretical concepts of the complex interaction between plasmons and gain media, we examine the experimental efforts in areas such as nanoplasmonic and metamaterial lasers. World scientific handbook of metamaterials and plasmonics. By defining and analysing an effective rate balance, radiative outcoupling is found to be nonnegligible. Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials article pdf available in nature materials 117. Metamaterials can be defined as artificially structured materials used to control and mold the flow of electromagnetic waves or possibly any other type of physical waves. Large spontaneousemission enhancements in metallic nanostructures.
Here we demonstrate that dynamic plasmonic nanoparticles can be used as mechanical sensors to selectively probe the rheological properties of a fluid. An undergraduate experiment demonstrating the physics of metamaterials with acoustic waves and soda cans. The area of plasmonics emerges in this context through the interaction of light with valence electrons in metals. The physical mechanisms underlying the chiral optical behavior of the nanoplasmonic single gyroid are identified and it is shown that the optical chirality in this metallic structure is primarily determined by structural chirality and the. He also contributed to the emergence of a new field of engineered, artificial materials optical metamaterials. Control and dynamic competition of bright and dark lasing. Design of metamaterials in the projects 62 magnonic metamaterial designs 62 design of nanostructured metamaterials in metachem 641 nanoclusters. Optical metamaterials and nanoplasmonics offer extreme control and localization of light within volumes that can be smaller than a cubic light wavelength by more than three orders of magnitude, but they suffer from appreciable dissipative losses. Oxides and nitrides as alternative plasmonic materials in the optical range invited gururaj v.
Osa nonlinear mode competition in a lasing nanoplasmonic. Nanoplasmonic metamaterials are an exciting new class of engineered media that promise a range of important applications, such as subwavelength focusing, cloaking, and slowingstopping of light. World scientific handbook of metamaterials and plasmonics world. In the first part, consisting of sections 2 nanoplasmonic metamaterials, 3 optical gain media in nanoplasmonics, fundamental physical concepts that underlie nanoplasmonic metamaterials and optical gain are discussed. On introducing and expounding the underlying theoretical concepts of the complex interaction between plasmons and gain media, we examine the. However, rendering these structures dynamic opens new possibilities for applications. On the origin of chirality in nanoplasmonic gyroid. Mechanism of the metallic metamaterials coupled to the gain material zhixiang huang,1,2 sotiris droulias,3 thomas koschny,1 and costas m. Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency analogue in terahertz metamaterials j gu, r singh, x liu, x zhang, y ma, s zhang, sa maier, z tian, ak azad. Trapped rainbow storage of light in metamaterials nature 450, 397 2007 by tsakmakidis, boardman and hess. One crucial roadblock in the path to devices is the fact that active optical metamaterials are so far controlled by light rather than electricity, preventing them from being integrated in larger. Stefan maier, phd, is the codirector of the centre for plasmonics and metamaterials at imperial college london. Active plasmonics and tuneable plasmonic metamaterials. Pdf nonlinear mode competition in a lasing nanoplasmonic.
Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials, pumped above lasing threshold, can exhibit dynamic competition between bright, radiative and dark, trapped modes of the structure. Pdf from losscompensation to amplification and lasing. Using a maxwellbloch approach incorporating langevin noise we study. Pdf nanoplasmonics and its applied devices researchgate. Control and dynamic competition of bright and dark lasing states in active nanoplasmonic metamaterials. Black plate 224,1 optical cloaking with metamaterials wenshan cai, uday k. Nanoplasmonics fundamentals and applications intechopen. However, as of today, the suggested applications of metamaterials cannot be realized due to high joule losses. Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials nature materials. It will illuminate recent advances in the wider photonic metamaterials field, such as to mention a few active metamaterials and metasurfaces, selforganized nanoplasmonic metamaterials, graphene metamaterials, metamaterials with negative or vanishing refractive index and topological metamaterials facilitating ultraslow broadband waves on the.
Control and dynamic competition of bright and dark lasing states in. It then considers the theory of loss compensation in the plasmonic metamaterials containing gain, and shows analytically that the full compensation or overcompensation of the optical loss in a dense resonant gain metamaterial leads to an instability that is resolved by its spasing. Ortwin hess chair professor of quantum nanophotonics. Plasmonic metamaterials form an exciting new class of engineered media that promise a range of important applications, such as subwavelength focusing, cloaking and slowingstopping of light.
To overcome this problem and compensate for losses it was proposed to incorporate an active medium into the material matrix 2326. Naik,1 jongbum kim,1 and alexandra boltasseva1,2,3. Large spontaneousemission enhancements in metallic. An undergraduate experiment demonstrating the physics of. Most of the existing and potential future applications of nanoplasmonics suffer from damping caused by metal absorption, however. Oxides and nitrides as alternative plasmonic materials in. At optical frequencies, using gain to overcome potentially not insignificant losses has recently emerged as a viable solution to ultralowloss operation that may lead to nextgeneration active. Active and tunable metamaterials purdue engineering. The random phase approximation in the long wavelength limit is used for analytical investigation of plasmons in three. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Active nanoplasmonic metamaterials support bright and dark modes that compete for gain. Dynamics of amplification in a nanoplasmonic metamaterial.
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